Campaign: Atlanta Campaign (1864) Date (s): July 28, 1864. The Battle of Ezra Church was a military engagement between Union forces commanded by Major General Oliver O. Howard and Confederate forces commanded by General John B. John C. Brown and Henry Clayton marching west out of Atlanta's works around 10:00 a.m. on the 28th. Hickman, Kennedy. Sign up to receive email updates about our Warrior Legacy programming for veterans, active duty military and their families. Hood, which was defending the … The Illinoisan also ordered plenty of ammunition brought forward, a hundred rounds per man. A native of Charleston, S.D. The church lay at a key crossroads, for bisecting Lick Skillet was the north-south thoroughfare which the Yankees would be using in their move south. Battle of Ezra Church - Fighting for Atlanta: Battle of Ezra Church - A Bloody Repulse: Hickman, Kennedy. Harpers Pictorial History of the Civil War, Harpers Pictorial History of the Ciivl War. The Battle of Ezra Church was fought July 28, 1864, during the Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War and saw the Confederates repulsed. Earlier, Union Major General William T. Sherman’s forces had approached Atlanta from the east and north. [1] https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/lost-battlefields-atlanta As a result, he directed Lieutenant General Stephen D. Lee to take two divisions out the Lick Skillet road to block Howard's advance. In the fighting, Stewart was wounded. The young Lee exercised field officer’s discretion and determined to attack the enemy straightaway. The Fifty-second was stationed in a series of breastworks alongside the redoubt holding Welker's Battery H/1 Missouri Light Artillery, when a heavy bombardment supporting Hood's attacks began. Clayton had had enough. The Battle of Ezra Church, also known as the Battle of Ezra Chapel and the Battle of the Poor House was fought on July 28, 1864, in Fulton County, Georgia, during the American Civil War. × Close. Displeased with the general's noncommittal response, Davis decided to relieve him and replace him with the offensively-minded Lieutenant General John Bell Hood. Finally, in late August, he began a massive movement around the west side of Atlanta that culminated with a key victory at the Battle of Jonesboro on August 31-September 1. This area, along with the angle and part of the line running north, was held by Major General John Logan's veteran XV Corps. The Battle of Ezra Church, also known as the Battle of Ezra Chapel and the Battle of the Poor House was fought on July 28, 1864, in Fulton County, Georgia, during the American Civil War. He has appeared on The History Channel as a featured expert. Skirmishing rattled throughout the rest of the day until the Confederates withdrew under cover of nightfall. Borrowing Major General Edward Walthall's division from Stewart, Lee sent it forward against the angle with similar results. American Civil War: Battle of Ezra Church. Striking on July 22, Hood was defeated at the Battle of Atlanta though McPherson fell in the fighting. He posted his reserve brigade against possible Yankee counterattack and awaited orders. Ezra Church lay at a key crossroads Confederate corps commander S.D. You can access the specifics of each battle by clicking on the individual areas. Sherman was determined to cut the last railroad supplying Confederate Gen. John Bell Hood's troops located inside Atlanta's fieldworks. battle scene from ezra church. The Battle of Ezra Church July 28th, 1864: After learning of the flanking movement being conducted by Howard’s Army of the Tennessee, Hood ordered S.D. The men of Woods' right brigade, Col. Hugo Wangelin's, had gone into Ezra Church and pulled out the pews to reinforce their parapets. Both official and unofficial reports failed to illuminate the true bloodshed of the conflict: one of every three engaged Confederates was killed or wounded, including four generals. The Yankees were already there. Lee was to seize this important crossroads and entrench facing north. https://www.thoughtco.com/battle-of-ezra-church-2360231 (accessed May 2, 2021). Well written and well researched, this book offers invaluable descriptions of troop movements and battle actions, as well as keen analysis of strategy and how individual battles fit into the larger context of the Atlanta Campaign. Confederate forces under John Bell Hood desperately fought to stop William T. Sherman's advancing armies as they tried to cut the last Confederate supply line into the city. The Battle of Adairsville also known as the Battle of Cassville, was a battle of the Atlanta Campaign fought during the American Civil War on May 17, 1864, just northeast of Rome, Georgia.The brief engagement was a Confederate delaying action that allowed General Joseph E. Johnston to bait a trap for the Union army at Cassville Lee distinguished himself early in the war as an artillery commander in the Army of Northern Virginia. Hood [CS] (2020, August 26). Howard's Army of the Tennessee, although failing to reach the railroad, closed the battle with fewer than 650 men lost. Kennedy Hickman is a historian, museum director, and curator who specializes in military and naval history. The Battle of Ezra Church, also known as the Battle of Ezra Chapel and the Battle of the Poor House was fought on July 28, 1864, in Fulton County, Georgia, during the American Civil War. In an effort to compel the Confederates to abandon Atlanta, Sherman devised a plan that called for Howard's Army of the Tennessee to shift west from their position east of the city to cut the railroad from Macon. Other Names: Battle of the Poor House. American Civil War: Battle of Peachtree Creek, American Civil War: Battle of Jonesboro (Jonesborough), American Civil War: Lieutenant General Nathan Bedford Forrest, The Battle of Atlanta in the American Civil War, American Civil War: Battle of Kennesaw Mountain, American Civil War: Lieutenant General John Bell Hood, American Civil War: Major General Oliver O. Howard, American Civil War: Major General James McPherson, American Civil War : War in the West, 1863-1865, American Civil War: Major General Patrick Cleburne, American Civil War: Major General George H. Thomas, Sherman's March to the Sea in the American Civil War, American Civil War: Major General Joseph Wheeler, M.S., Information and Library Science, Drexel University, B.A., History and Political Science, Pennsylvania State University. Maj. Gen. John “Black Jack” Logan, who held the extreme right of Howard’s army with the XV Corps, ordered two of his divisions to extend the line to the west parallel to Lick Skillet Road in preparation for a possible attack. The Battle of Ezra Church, also known as the Battle of Ezra Chapel and the Battle of the Poor House was fought on July 28, 1864, in Fulton County, Georgia, during the American Civil War. The Northerners, fighting on the defensive, suffered fewer casualties at Ezra Church. The Federals were getting ready for a fight. A classmate of Hood's at West Point, Howard expected the aggressive Hood to attack. Please note that the locations and events listed on our itineraries do not reflect any potential closures due to COVID-19. Your tax-deductible gift will help us to preserve this irreplaceable twice-hallowed ground at Gaines' Mill and Cold Harbor — forever. The two divisions of Lee's corps were through for the day, but not so for Stewart's corps. The Battle of Ezra Church: Battle of the Poor House. As a landmark, its name was given to the battle fought here July 28, 1864. The Battle of Ezra Church was fought July 28, 1864, during the American Civil War (1861-1865). Both official and unofficial reports failed to illuminate the true bloodshed of the conflict: one of every three engaged Confederates was killed or wounded, including four generals. Book Description: Fought on July 28, 1864, the Battle of Ezra Church was a dramatic engagement during the Civil War's Atlanta Campaign. Though a tactical defeat for the Confederates, the battle prevented Howard from reaching the railroad. To support Lee, Stewart's corps was to swing west to strike Howard from the rear. The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. On July 28, 1864, Union Major General Oliver O. Howard's "Army of the Tennessee" moved south with the goal of cutting the last railroad lines supplying Atlanta. Collection: Georgia Historical Markers Title: Battle of Ezra Church historical marker Creator: Longcrier, Steve Date of Original: 1996/2014 Subject: Historical markers--Georgia--Fulton County Lee did not know that, however, as he sent two of his divisions under Brig. A series of historical markers describe the action here at Ezra Church on July 28, 1864. Unfortunately for the Southerners, Lee's battle was becoming one of uncoordinated attacks by troops as they arrived. Principal Commanders: Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard [US]; Gen. John B. EXPLORE. On the 28th, soldiers dug in and brought up artillery all along Howard's line. Attacking on July 20, Hood's forces were turned back by Thomas' Army of the Cumberland at the Battle of Peachtree Creek. Anticipating that Union forces would attempt to cross Peachtree Creek north of the city, Johnston drew up plans for a counterattack. Marker Text*: Here stood the little framed edifice known as Ezra Church (Methodist), on a half-acre plot deeded by James and Nancy Coursey to the trustees Oct. 31, 1853. The battle of Ezra Church Earl Hess has written the only detailed history of the Civil War battle of Ezra Church that I know of. As such, he halted on July 28 and his men quickly erected makeshift breastworks using logs, fence rails, and other available material. At 4:15 a.m., with Howard's march just a few hours in progress, Confederate commander Lt. Gen. John B. We suggest checking online or calling ahead as you plan your visits. Gone was the hope of Lee's corps taking a defensive position at Ezra Church while Stewart set up for a flank attack. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. The sketch on page 556 represents a portion of the BATTLE OF EZRA'S CHURCH, fought July 28. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 53,000 acres in 24 states! "American Civil War: Battle of Ezra Church." Shaped like a reverse "L", the main Union line extended north with a short line running west. While they would take no other part in the battle, several interesting incidents occurred to them. In Response To: Ezra church- regiments engaged? The Battle of Ezra Church was over. Lee hoped to capture during the summer of 1864. Reviewing the situation, Sherman decided to push Major General George H. Thomas' Army of the Cumberland over the Chattahoochee River with the goal of pinning Johnston in place. Lee, believing the enemy had just barely beaten him to the Ezra Church crossroads and therefore had only slight defensive works, determined to continue the attack when Walthall arrived. The Battle of Ezra Church was the third of three desperate Confederate attacks on the forces of Maj. Gen. Wm. In the fighting, Sherman severed the railroad from Macon and forced Hood to depart Atlanta. The Battle of Ezra Church was one of the deadliest engagements in the Atlanta Campaign of the Civil War and continues to be one of the least understood. This would permit Major General James B. McPherson's Army of the Tennessee and Major General John Schofield's Army of the Ohio to shift east to Decatur where they could cut the Georgia Railroad. Hood planned to give it to them. Confederate casualties will never be confirmed, but a reasonable estimate would be more than 2,800 men, possible reaching 3,000. Having marched west on Lick Skillet to the line of the city's defensive fortifications, Stewart learned that Lee had already joined battle, so he hastened forward with Maj. Gen. Edward Walthall's division, then Maj. Gen. William Loring's. Late July 1864 found Major General William T. Sherman's forces advancing on Atlanta in pursuit of General Joseph E. Johnston's Army of Tennessee. And so the slaughter continued as Walthall's brigade advanced shortly after 2:00 p.m. over the same ground covered by Brown. Deploying his men, Lee directed Major General John C. Brown's division to attack north against the east-west portion of the Union line. Unmolested, Howard’s men filled in on Thomas’ right and extended the Union line toward the railroad during the day. With Stephen Davis, author of "What the Yankees Did to Us," and Gordon Jones of the Atlanta History Center Reaching Atlanta on July 13, Bragg commenced sending a number of discouraging reports north to Richmond. Preserve 108 Acres of the Most Important Unprotected Battlefield Land! A critical supply line for Hood, its loss would force him to abandon the city. Rhonda, I can't vouch for this information, but here's an online Order of Battle I found for the Confederates at Ezra Church. Prior to moving, Sherman adjusted his armies: Maj. Gen. John Schofield’s Army of the Ohio would hold the east edge of the city, while Maj. Gen. George Thomas’ Army of the Cumberland took up position to the north. Lee formed Brown's division and sent it in around noon. Having wrecked his two divisions against the enemy's defenses, Lee soon was reinforced by Stewart. Three days later, Davis directed Johnston to send him details regarding his plans for defending the city. Sign up for our quarterly email series highlighting the environmental benefits of battlefield preservation. Learning of the command change on the night of July 17, Hood and Johnston telegraphed Davis and asked that it be delayed until after the coming battle. Through thick woods Brown's brigades advanced. The bluecoats heard the fire to their right (the attack of Brown's division) and stood ready in their makeshift works of rails and trenches. To Lt. Gen. Stephen D. Lee, his youngest (30 years old) and newest corps commander, he issued these orders: march west out of the city along Lick Skillet Road, and take position near Ezra Church three miles from town. This book is not for those casual readers of Civil war books. Recognizing that success was unobtainable, Lee fell back and ended the battle. Moving down the west side of Atlanta, Howard took a cautious approach despite assurances from Sherman that the enemy would not oppose the march (Map). August 6, 2020 by Jim Doyle Leave a comment. Stewart was to lead two divisions via Lick Skillet to the western edge of Atlanta's defenses and wait for Lee to get into position at Ezra Church; then, the next morning, "we were to move out on that road, turn to the right, pass in rear of the enemy, and attack," presumably against the Federals' right rear, after marching beyond Lee's divisions holding the front. Federal Identification Number (EIN): 54-1426643. Howard hurried assistance to Logan's threatened line. After his July 22, 1864 victory at the Battle of Atlanta, with the Georgia Railroad cut, Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman turned his attention to the Macon & Western and Atlanta & West Point Railroads, running southwest from the city. Exploring a pivotal but often overlooked battle in the Civil War, The Battle of Ezra Church is the first book-length examination of the battle of Ezra Church. The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. The Battle of Ezra Church was one of the deadliest engagements in the Atlanta Campaign of the Civil War and continues to be one of the least understood. Lee’s Corps and A. P. Stewart’s Corps to move out the Lickskillet Road in an effort to check the Federal advance and try to roll up their right flank. "American Civil War: Battle of Ezra Church." Logan's men piled up rails and logs as impromptu breastworks. Help Save 110 Acres at Three Civil War Battlefields, Kentuckians: Support Battlefield Preservation Legislation, Virginians: Support Battlefield Preservation Legislation. (BL) Early on the morning of July 27 Howard and the Army of the Tennessee began the movement that Sherman had planned to make before the July 22 battle—a swing around to the west side of Atlanta for the purpose of cutting … Ten minutes after Brown had begun, Clayton's division arrived, which Lee promptly ordered to advance. Though Sherman made efforts to conceal Howard's intentions, Hood was able to discern the Union objective. Hood during the Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War. With a Yankee counterattack, the division commander sadly watched his men "driven with great slaughter.". At the battle of Ezra Church HARRY DAVIS, a soldier belonging to the Forty-sixth Ohio regiment, advanced far to the front under the fire of rebel batteries, and reaching over the breast-works of the enemy, grasped the colors of the Thirtieth Tennessee from the hands of … This request was refused and Hood assumed command. This move infuriated the commander of XX Corps, Major General Joseph Hooker, who blamed Howard for his defeat the previous year at Chancellorsville when the two were with the Army of the Potomac. Undeterred, Lee sent Major General Henry D. Clayton's division forward just north of the angle in the Union line. The First American President: Setting the Precedent, Preserve 28 Acres at Two Critical Eastern Theater Battlefields. Oliver O. Howard's (above) promotion to command of Army of the Tennessee upset Gen. Logan who believed himself James McPherson's logical successor. Ezra Church (July 28, 1864) – Also called the Battle of the Poor House, this large battle took place in Fulton County on July 28, 1864. Having fallen back through much of northern Georgia, Johnston had earned the ire of Confederate President Jefferson Davis. Date: July 28, 1864 Location of Battle: Fulton County, Georgia Union Casualties: 700 Confederate Casualties: 4,642 Result: Union Victory After the Battle of Atlanta, with the Georgia Railroad cut, Gen. William T. Sherman turned his attention to the Macon & Western Railroad, running southwest out of the city. In the wake of this strategic setback, Sherman commenced a series of raids in an effort cut the Confederate supply lines. In the fighting at Ezra Church, Howard lost 562 killed and wounded while Lee suffered around 3,000. Spearheading the movement to the southwest toward the Macon & Western would be the Army of the Tennessee, now under Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard. Unwilling to surrender the initiative, he directed Lieutenant General Alexander P. Stewart's corps to hold the lines north of Atlanta while Lieutenant General William Hardee's corps and Major General Joseph Wheeler's cavalry moved south and east with the goal of turning McPherson's left flank. Battle Summary: Ezra Church, GA. Ezra Church. Union troops entered the city on September 2. There was a hitch, though. A monument for the battle is located within the cemetery. This threw off Hood's whole plan. "Deadbrook at Ezra … A dozen regiments were ordered from the XVI and XVII corps, and some rushed into the fight in time to help beat back Clayton's assault. T. Sherman, which were closing in on Atlanta. The solitary grave of Lt. Edward Clingman, killed at Ezra Church, is marked with engravings of a saber, pistol and Confederate flag, and is located along the eastern outer drive. As orders for Johnston's relief were sent south, Sherman's troops began crossing the Chattahoochee. Hood's Third Attack. The battle was part of the Atlanta Campaign, which featured Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman 's Union Army of the Tennessee against the Army of Tennessee, commanded by Lt. Gen. John B. Not much remains of the Ezra Church battlefield, the scene of a lopsided, bloody Union victory on July 28, 1864. Fierce musketry dropped Rebels by the hundreds before they fell back, seeking what shelter they could. The Battle of Ezra Church was over. After a mile or so, Brown, in the lead, came upon friendly cavalry, who reported the Yankees in their front. ThoughtCo. This done, the combined force would advance on Atlanta. After General John Bell Hood took command of the the army defending Atlanta he directed three Confederate failed attacks against Union Major General William T. Sherman's armies. Pushing out from the city, the impulsive Lee decided not to assume a defensive position along the Lick Skillet road and instead elected to assault the new Union position near Ezra Church. 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